Q dairy safety standards
Q dairy safety standards
Ministry of Health www.moh.gov.cn 2010-07-13 17:46:49
First, why should improve the integration of dairy safety standards ?
Dairy is an integral part of our daily lives of consumers of food . In recent years , China's dairy consumption is rising rapidly , the rapid development of the dairy industry , the food industry has become an important one . Dairy safety is directly related to the health of consumers and the social and economic stability . country attaches great importance to safety of dairy products and dairy industry healthy and sustainable development , the State Council promulgated the " dairy quality and safety supervision and management regulations ", " dairy consolidation and revitalization plan" and other regulations and policies, deployed to carry out rectification work of food , improve the integration requirements dairy safety standards . June 1, 2009 implementation of the " Food Safety Law," including dairy products , including food safety standards put forward specific demands . As of the end of 2009 , China's dairy standards of the past more than 160 , there is some indicators cross , repetitions, contradictions, and other issues important indicator missing . In order to regulate the dairy production and management to ensure the quality and safety of dairy products to ensure the health of consumers , according to the "Food Safety Law ", " dairy quality and safety supervision and management regulations " and " consolidation and revitalization of the Milk Plan " requirement , led by the Ministry of Health in conjunction with the relevant sector to improve the integration of dairy standards , unified announced for the dairy safety standards .
Second, improve the integration of the principles of dairy safety standards .
Dairy safety standards improve the integration of work adhere the following principles: First, it reflects the "Food Safety Law" legislative purpose , highlighting the security requirements . Dairy safety standards strictly follow the " Food Safety Law " requirement , highlighting and human health are closely related requirements and regulations ; second is based on food safety risk assessment , taking into account industry realities and development needs. Dairy safety standards in food safety risk monitoring and assessment data as the basis, to ensure that the standard of science, while focusing on industry, authorities and associations to listen to advice , give full consideration to the actual situation of China's dairy industry to ensure that the standard practicality ; Third, integration of existing dairy standard , expanding the standard coverage. Dairy safety standards integrated in the previous dairy standards mandatory, while reducing the number of standards to improve the national food safety standards and coverage versatility , standard rooms to avoid duplication and overlap ; Fourth, with the current regulations and industrial policies convergence, to ensure policy continuity and stability.
Third, the dairy safety standards developed and published
Accordance with the " dairy quality and safety supervision and management regulations ", " dairy consolidation and revitalization plan" requirement , in December 2008 , led by the Ministry of Health in conjunction with the Ministry of Agriculture , National Standards Commission , the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology , Business Administration, General Administration of Quality Supervision , food and Drug Administration and other departments and the Chinese Center for Disease Control , light Industry Association , China Dairy Industry Association, the China Dairy Industry Association and other units set up a dairy safety standards that improve the integration work began coordinating group consisting responsible for the dairy safety improve the integration of standards . While coordinating group set up by the various departments recommended for nearly 70 expert group composed of experts , one from each department , professional and technical institutions, universities , industry associations, and the dairy industry , with a broad representation .
Coordination Group has held three plenary meetings. Expert working groups and drafting work conference convened more than 20 times , fully listen to experts , academics, business and industry associations and representatives of public opinion . In the implementation of existing national standards development process , based on dairy safety standards in the draft for the first time published in full on the website of the Ministry of Health for public comment 60 days , while the World Trade Organization (WTO) notification . Period, a total received feedback from more than 2,000 domestic and foreign . Panels and working groups focused on drafting feedback by one study treatment , improvement of draft standards .
February 2010 , the first national food safety standards review committee convened meeting of the Sub-Committee reviewed the draft dairy safety standards , the director of the meeting examined and adopted 66 dairy safety standards . The new dairy safety standards on March 26 announced the approval by the Ministry of Health .
Fourth, dairy safety standards which standards composed by the ?
Released 66 new dairy safety standards are divided into standard dairy products ( including milk , infant food , dairy products , etc., a total of 15 ) , the production of standards ( 2 ) and a standard test method ( total 49 ) , forming a unified dairy safety standards system.
Five , dairy safety standards which improve ?
Compared with the previous standard dairy , dairy safety standards have the following characteristics : First, food safety risk assessment , based on the formulation process listen to opinions , to ensure the standard of science ; Second, strictly follow the " Food Safety Law " requirement, prominent and human health are closely related to limited provisions , reflecting the standard mandatory ; three is the integration of food hygiene standards , quality standards, quality and safety standards and industry standards mandatory elements , to avoid duplication of standard rooms , crossover and contradictions and other issues , reflecting the standard unity ; four is in line with China 's national conditions and the actual industry , focusing can be implemented and streamline the dairy safety standards and formatting text , clear criteria under the centralized interpretation department , reflects the standards authority and operability ; Fifth, with reference to international Codex Alimentarius Commission standards , the system revision microbial indicators , in accordance with internationally accepted principles of improved microbial sampling programs , and consistent with the requirements of international standards .
Six , how to understand dairy safety standards implementation date ?
For the good old standards convergence, dairy safety standards set a specific implementation date. Before the implementation date , to encourage and allow food production units in accordance with the new national food safety standards organization of production management, production enterprises shall indicate on the label the specific implementation of the standards . After the implementation date , the food industry should be strictly in accordance with the new standard production management. In addition to food production and operation time there are special requirements, in the production of food before the implementation date may continue to sell the product warranty period .
VII What are the characteristics of liquid dairy safety standards ?
Emulsified standards to integrate the main criteria of the original , first clear liquid milk classification and definition of various products , such as pasteurized milk, sterilized milk , modified milk , etc. ; Second, defining liquid milk in food additives, nutrition fortifier use varieties, the use of additives must be labeled to protect consumers' right to know ; three is clearly the use of reconstituted milk , and asked to be identified in the label ; four protein targets and previous standards , while the microbial limit values and test methods to improve it.
Eight , dairy safety standards for pesticide and veterinary drug residues which made provisions ?
Pesticide and veterinary drug residues mainly from the feed and farming areas , the current international Codex Alimentarius Commission and the relevant national set only in the food ingredients pesticide and veterinary drug residues provisions set above requirements are not dairy products . Reference to international organizations and the majority of national practices , only in the " raw milk " Standard setting pesticide and veterinary drug residues requires specific pesticide residues in accordance with existing standards and relevant national regulations , announcements execution. Currently the Ministry of Agriculture veterinary drug residues in the middle peasants to seize improve food standards.
Nine , dairy safety standards for food additives and the use of nutritional supplements What are the rules ?
Dairy safety standards clearly defined, pasteurized milk and sterilized milk must not contain food additives and nutritional supplements . Other dairy products and food additives used in food nutrition fortifier , shall "food additive use standard " (GB2760) and the " food nutrition fortifier use standard " (GB14880) of the regulations.
Ten , infant formula food standards which improve ?
Infant food safety standard reference of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) standards and the Chinese Nutrition Society " Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes ," but also in ensuring the safety of the product to meet the nutritional needs of infants and young children , under the premise of the original standard conducted a systematic revision , the original 11 infant food standards into four new standards , covering all kinds of baby food . Standards not only revised the pollutants , microbial indicators , but also on scientific nutrient indicators were adjusted .
Eleven , infant formula which provides nutrients to use ?
Infant formula nutrient content shall comply with the " infant formula " requirement , nutrients species shall comply with the " food nutrition fortifier use the standard " (GB14880) specified varieties. Infant formula to add amino acids , in addition to " food nutrition fortifier use the standard " (GB14880) allows the use of amino acid species , it can also use the " infant formula " standard set out in Appendix B of the amino acid .
Twelve , older infants and infant formula foods carbohydrate counting .
Older infants and infant formula calculating carbohydrate content in foods should be " infant formula " Standard Table 2 execution.
Thirteen , why say " milk " standard is in line with the actual development of the industry ?
" Milk " the national standard is based on the "Food Safety Law ", " dairy quality and safety supervision and management regulations " and " consolidation and revitalization of the Milk Plan" requirements, solicit the views of experts and the community , based on the current situation in our country dairy farming enacted mandatory safety standards. " Milk " the national standard positioning in the quality and safety of the indicators is to ensure the quality and safety of raw milk is the most basic requirement is the acquisition of raw milk production and barriers to entry , clearly distinguished in 1986 "issued by the acquisition of raw milk standards" and 2003 release of " milk hygiene standards ." Encourage enterprises in the " milk " the national standard , based on the formulation of more stringent corporate standards, especially in raw milk dairy production enterprises to acquire grading index is set to carry out to Hedonic Price , and constantly improve the level of quality and safety of dairy products .
" Milk " the implementation of national standards body is dairy farming and the dairy industry . According to the Ministry of Agriculture survey , the vast majority of dairy farmers agree " milk " the national standard indicator settings. " Milk " the development of national standards in line with industry practice, to set targets in line with China 's national conditions , and promoting the improvement of raw milk acquisition order and prevent malicious rejection problems , help protect the interests of dairy farmers , to promote third-party testing and promoting the sound development of dairy industry .
Fourteen , " milk " standard indicators of protein and total number of colonies is scientific and reasonable .
" Milk " raw milk standards defined as " from compliance with the relevant requirements of dairy cattle udder health extruded without any change in normal milk ingredients . 7 days after calving colostrum , antibiotics during and milk withdrawal period , breast milk should not be used as a deterioration . " milk from healthy animals often extruded breast milk should be included in the standard scope of supervision. " Milk " standard of quality and safety aspects of the subject to the production, acquisition of part of the regulations affecting the indicators that will guide standardized scale dairy farming and raw milk quality and safety standards.
In the group of experts on the basis of full investigation and set targets for the protein greater than or equal 2.80g/100g. Mainly based on the following considerations: First, in line with our actual production of raw milk . Fresh milk protein content and feeding level and other factors , especially whole-plant corn silage, alfalfa hay quality forage fed on milk protein content influence. China's current dairy farming in roughage single structure, fed low -quality forage , so milk protein content is relatively low. Two lactating cows is consistent with the law . Different lactation in cows of different protein content , protein content than its peak in the late low . Most cows in the country from May to September into peak lactation , this season is the hottest weather of the season, the combined effects of two factors cause summer milk protein content was significantly lower than in other seasons . Third, respect for Objective fact. Breast milk from healthy animals extrusion , protein content of less than 2.95 g/100g of normal milk is an Objective reality . According to the survey by the Ministry of Agriculture , 2007 and the summer of 2008 , some northern provinces of milk protein content of less than 2.95 g / 100 g ratio were 75 % and 90% ; certain dairy companies in June Northwest , South, Northeast and other three zones acquisition milk protein content of less than 2.95 g / 100 g respectively 75.8 %, 33.8 % and 24.9% . Four are in favor of raw milk quality and safety supervision . From the survey situation, Holstein milk protein content mainly in 2.8-3.4g/100g , between " raw milk " standard as the basis for quality and safety supervision , to facilitate the smooth implementation of quality and safety supervision .
Total number of colonies is a reflection of herd health , pasture health status and health indicators of cold chain quality control . At present, China small-scale backyard dairy higher proportion of more than 100 large-scale breeding ratio of only 23.1% 5 32.4% for the following proportions , this small-scale farming short term is difficult to change the status quo . Low levels of raw milk breeding colony count is relatively high. Currently, the " milk " the national standard setting total number of colonies indicators are in line with our actual development , to protect the interests of a large number of small-scale dairy farmers to maintain stable development of China's dairy industry . In recent years , the state vigorously support large-scale dairy farming, since 2008 , has invested a total of 1.2 billion yuan more than 1944 200 dairy farming area ( field ) . With the development of dairy industry and farming standards, raw milk will gradually reduce the total number of colonies . Encourage enterprises to set up colonies in the total number of raw milk acquisition grading acquisition criteria to guide farmers standardized scale farming , and constantly improve the level of culture .
We will follow the requirements of national food safety standards , to carry out a standard track assessment and reference to international standards , listen to food production operators and consumer opinion , constantly revising and improving China's food safety standards.
Fifteen , dairy safety standards of the production process to do what provisions ?
Food production and processing technology for ensuring food safety is important. Food processing complex and diverse, the same kind of products, as companies , region, production equipment, production control methods and other factors caused by different levels of processing technology used varies . Dairy producers to pay more attention to guide and regulate the production process safety hazard control , the standard cleaning process specifically formulated the " Good Manufacturing Practice dairy " and " powdered infant formula foods Good Manufacturing Practice " on the dairy production process involved in food safety -related conditions of production , process methods, personal hygiene , and other security measures such as dairy provides technical requirements, and strengthen the monitoring of critical control points . Meanwhile, in the dairy products are not specified in the national standards may limit the specific process improvement and development process should be developed by the enterprises according to their specific management requirements, as the organization of production.
Sixteen , yogurt and fermented milk What is the difference ?
Yogurt is a fermented milk . Dairy safety standards in accordance with regulations , only the inoculation of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus two kinds of bacteria in fermented milk called yogurt . Add other bacteria yoghurt products can not be named , can be called fermented milk .
Seventeen , dairy safety standards for the use of reconstituted milk What are the requirements ?
Dairy safety standards in accordance with the provisions of pasteurized milk is not allowed to use reconstituted milk . In order to protect consumers' right to know, the other using a reconstituted milk liquid milk , you need to be clearly identified on the label .
Eighteen , the state limit of melamine in dairy how to provide ?
Melamine is not a food ingredients, food additives are not prohibited artificially added to the food . October 7, 2008 , the Ministry of Health , the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology , Ministry of Agriculture , Business Administration, General Administration of Quality Supervision jointly issued a notice ( the Ministry of Health in 2008 Notice No. 25 ) , published melamine in milk and dairy products in the interim management limited value . "Food Safety Law " Article 49 : The discovery of added or may be added to food in the non-food chemicals and other substances potentially harmful to human health and the detection method of the list to be published . 2008 Ministry of Health, together with relevant departments to carry out combat illegal to add non-food substances and the abuse of food additives special rectification action , made public the four batches may be illegal to add non- food substances and susceptible to abuse of food additives "blacklist" , which in food may be illegal to add non- food substances list ( the first batch ) including melamine and its detection method. The new dairy safety standards will not repeat the relevant provisions set melamine , melamine in dairy products is still limited in accordance with the existing management regulations.
Nineteen , the need for the record dairy production enterprises of food safety standards ?
Production of dairy products without national food safety standards or local standards , enterprise standards should be developed as a basis for organizing production . The State encourages food manufacturers establish more stringent national food safety standards or local standards of corporate standards. Enterprise standard should be reported to the provincial health administrative departments for the record . If dairy production dairy safety standards , companies can organize production according to national standards , no record.
Twenty , the consumer does not meet the suspected dairy dairy safety standards should be how to do ?
According to "Food Safety Law" Article and the provisions of Article 80 , the consumer the right to report violations of food production operations dairy safety standards of conduct . Above the county level health administration , quality supervision , industry and commerce administration, food and drug supervision and management department received a dairy safety standards for consultation, complaints and reports , duties belonging to this sector , it should be admissible and timely reply , verification, processing ; responsibility does not belong to this sector , it shall notify in writing and handed over power to handle the department. Consumers do not meet the suspected dairy dairy safety standards can be made to the above-mentioned departments to report complaints .
XXI production operations do not meet national standards for dairy products safety how to deal with ?
"Food Safety Law" Article 53 provides: food producers find its food does not meet food safety standards , should immediately stop production and recall foods already on the market , notify the production operators and consumers , and to record the recall and notification situations . Food business operators have found their food does not meet food safety standards , it shall immediately cease operations , notify the production operators and consumers , and to cease operating records and notification situations . It should be recalled that food producers should immediately recall. Food producers should take remedial food recall , harmless treatment , destruction and other measures , and the handling of food recalls and quality supervision departments above the county level reports. Food production operator fails to comply with provisions of this Article recall or stop operations do not meet food safety standards of food above the county level quality supervision, industry and commerce administration , food and drug supervision and administration department shall order it to recall or cease operating .
Violation of the above provisions, by the competent authorities shall be punished in accordance with the division of responsibilities , constitutes a crime, be held criminally responsible .
XXII, how to make dairy safety standards implementation work ?
The Ministry of Health in conjunction with the relevant departments to organize dairy safety standards for the implementation of the work , the main measures include: First, dairy safety standards organizations work in promoting health administrative departments at all levels to take the standard forms of publicity to guide and encourage all community of common concern food safety standards, and actively participate in the implementation of national standards for dairy safety supervision ; Second is to organize training activities dairy safety standards for food safety supervision department , dairy producers and traders , food safety inspection agency training to enhance their understanding , mastery and ability and level of implementation of standards , strict implementation of national standards for dairy safety provisions ; Third, to conduct supervision and inspection of the implementation of standards , supervise the implementation of industry and enterprise standards ; four is to carry out dairy safety standards implementation tracking evaluation, timely amendments to improve food safety standards.
Twenty-three, in the future how to improve dairy safety standards ?
Food safety standards are an important part of the food safety law , the legal system of food safety is a long-term task . We will further improve the dairy safety standards , first organizations to consider and approve the publication of lactose , infants and young children for special medical purposes such as product standards and choline and other standard test method , the formation of a unified national dairy safety standards . Second is the dairy safety standards to track the implementation and evaluation of progress in accordance with international standards and national tracking evaluation results , listen to food production operators and consumer opinion , timely organization revise and improve standards.
